This guide explains how to secure containers across their full lifecycle by embedding security from build to runtime. It emphasizes starting with minimal, trusted base images to reduce attack surface and using SBOMs and image signing for traceability. It highlights integrating “shift-left” scanning in CI/CD to detect vulnerabilities early and block insecure builds. A key focus is prioritizing runtime-relevant vulnerabilities—those actively used and exposed—rather than chasing all CVEs. It also stresses monitoring runtime drift to detect active attacks and enforcing controls like Seccomp. The key takeaway is that effective container security requires continuous, automated, and context-aware vulnerability management across build, deployment, and runtime.

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