This Heavy Reading report examines how operators can reduce energy consumption across 5G networks, where the RAN accounts for the majority of power usage. It outlines strategies spanning RAN optimization, SmartNIC offload in the core, cloud-native infrastructure, AI-driven automation, advanced cooling, and infrastructure sharing. The report stresses the need for standardized energy KPIs and holistic optimization across data centers, transport, and edge domains. It concludes that AI, hardware acceleration, and open architectures are essential to meeting ESG goals while maintaining performance.

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