The paper explains the cybersecurity requirements emerging from the European Health Data Space, covering electronic health records, secondary data use, and cross-border data exchange. Page 1 outlines threats to hospitals and research ecosystems. Organizations must strengthen identity security, data privacy controls, and continuous monitoring. The paper details alignment with NIS2, GDPR, and sector-specific rules, emphasizing encryption, pseudonymization, data-minimization, and auditability. A maturity model provides actionable steps for securing sensitive health data, improving breach resilience, and enabling safe innovation across healthcare and life-sciences ecosystems.

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