This report examines the growing threat of phishing and email spoofing, highlighting how cybercriminals increasingly use automation and AI to scale attacks that exploit human trust rather than technical vulnerabilities. Phishing incidents have surged dramatically over the past decade, with the average phishing-related breach costing organizations nearly $4.9 million in 2025. The report identifies email spoofing as a key enabler of phishing and emphasizes the importance of email authentication standards such as SPF, DKIM, and especially DMARC. While DMARC adoption is increasing—driven in part by requirements from major providers like Gmail and Yahoo—many organizations still fail to fully enforce policies, leaving significant exposure. The report concludes that properly implemented DMARC remains one of the most effective defenses against domain impersonation, phishing, and email-based fraud.

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