Modern wireless networks deliver far more bandwidth than physical T1/E1 copper circuits can support, especially with advancements like MIMO, OFDM, and expanded 3.5G/4G spectrum enabling 50 to 300 Mbps to and from cell sites. Providing this capacity over traditional copper infrastructure is impractical, as the required throughput exceeds what multiple copper pairs can deliver. As a result, wireless backhaul has become a critical service, evolving much like network transitions in the 1990s, supporting growing demand for high‑capacity, efficient connectivity between cell sites and the core network.

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