This white paper explores how artificial intelligence is reshaping global competitiveness and why AI sovereignty must be redefined beyond full self-sufficiency toward strategic control and resilience. It argues that while many economies equate sovereignty with owning the entire AI value chain, true competitiveness depends on making targeted investments, building interoperable infrastructure and forming trusted international partnerships. The report highlights that AI infrastructure—especially data centres and compute—has attracted the majority of global investment, yet long-term success depends equally on data, applications and ecosystem enablers such as talent and policy. It outlines multiple pathways to competitiveness based on different starting points, emphasizing that economies should

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