The “Return to Realism” explores how global energy priorities have shifted in 2026 from a singular focus on sustainability toward a stronger emphasis on energy resilience. While clean energy, net-zero commitments, and aggressive decarbonization policies dominated the early 2020s, recent geopolitical tensions, supply chain disruptions, market volatility, and energy security concerns have highlighted the need for reliable and adaptable energy systems. The paper argues that resilience has become an immediate necessity, complementing rather than replacing sustainability goals. In this changing environment, hydrocarbons are increasingly viewed as a strategic safeguard that helps ensure stable energy supply during periods of uncertainty. The report examines how governments, businesses, and inves

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