This white paper explores the growing role of circulating tumour DNA testing across the cancer care continuum. It explains how ctDNA enables minimally invasive detection, treatment selection, and disease monitoring, while complementing traditional tissue biopsies. The paper reviews current clinical evidence, technological advances, and adoption trends, particularly in Europe. It also addresses limitations such as sensitivity, standardization, regulatory approval, and reimbursement variability. The analysis concludes that ctDNA is approaching an inflection point, with successful integration dependent on further validation, collaboration, and real-world evidence generation.

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